مرجع مقالات پسته مرغوب

Two types of mold or fungi called Aspergillus parasiticus A. PARASITIFCUS Aspergillus flavus are Iranian Pistachio more powerful than other fungi in this group in exuding aflatoxin poisoning and pistachio kernel poisoning. The first mushroom has far more potential than the second mushroom. This capability can occur when a suitable environment for the growth and multiplication of these fungi is found in pistachios or in its kernel. Such a suitable environment inside the brain can be created only when the pistachio or the brain is dehydrated or the natural moisture level of the brain is somehow improved. Dried pistachio kernels normally contain between 5 and 7.5 percent water, about 45 to 50 percent fat, and 20 to 22 percent protein, and the rest is made up of cellulose, dyes, and minerals. Now, if dried pistachios are placed in a humid environment or in water, their kernels absorb some moisture and become somewhat swollen.

Weed control operations in pistachio Iranian Pistachio orchards

Prevention is always better than cure, even for weeds in pistachio orchards. Even weeds should be prevented from entering the gardens, especially through irrigation canals and streams. Pistachio orchards in the United States and Australia have highly efficient filters at the entrances to canals and streams to prevent weed seeds from entering the orchards.

The flood irrigation method, which unfortunately exists in more than 90% of Iranian pistachio orchards and causes water-filled areas even after several days of irrigation, provides the best place for weeds to grow and develop. It is very important to control weeds outside and around pistachio orchards before the weeds reach the seed production stage.

Of course, it should be noted that many weeds in the margins of pistachio orchards are a refuge for some important pests, including pistachio ages, and if there is a high population of pests on some weeds in the margins of pistachio orchards, such as Artemisia dandruff and They can be dangerous and cause the pest to move into the garden. The transfer of weed seeds through tractors and other tools into healthy gardens should be prevented.

Shaker is capable of harvesting branches with a thickness of more than 180 mm. The total weight Iranian Pistachio of the shaker with an empty tank is 260 kg; The shaker arm between the shock mechanism and the end of the clamp is a tube with a length of 3.34 m, a diameter of 85 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm. The mass of the motor with the moving motor and the shaker arm between the pendulum and the end of the clamp are 70 and 56 kg, respectively. The complete shaker is balanced and oscillates in the form of a pendulum from a local mechanism by a rhythmic ring that attaches to a horizontal steel tubular frame. This design allows the frame to absorb some of the shaker"s passive forces when the shaker is operating in a high oscillation position without causing the frame to vibrate excessively. The branch clamp is an important part of the shaker and is specially designed to reduce possible damage to the bark; The clamp consists of a frame with two rubber pads, one fixed and the other attached to the end of the hydraulic cylinder rod. The total surface of the clamp for each of the two plates is 0.14 square meters and is of the type of soft rubber cushion with a thickness of 20 mm. The work of the clamp is controlled by a valve, and its pressure on the branch is controlled by a pressure relief valve.

If you have to use water with an EC of more than 8,000 and bicarbonate of 8 milliequivalents Iranian Pistachio per liter, what measures should you consider?

First, if the water is acidic, it should be put into the pool to aerate and the pH should be higher. This will deposit some salts and reduce the risk of fouling in the pipes and emitters.

Secondly, all parts of the system from filters to drain pipes must be controlled for sediment during each irrigation period. It is better to use plastic or steel materials for filtration instead of metal filters. Also, sediment control is important to determine the criterion or time limit of water sedimentation, and this way the tendency of water to sediment can be detected after one irrigation. .

At the end of the irrigation time, parts of the system such as pumps, filters, pipes and droppers can be filled with fresh water to prevent fouling in the system. This requires about 50 cubic meters of fresh water of suitable quality every day or irrigation shift.

With the help of graffiti from a low-capacity (1 inch) desalination plant and desalination of 50 cubic meters of water per day and stored in a separate tank, after the end of irrigation entered the system, with this action of calcium carbonate deposition in the pipe and The dripper is prevented and as the water comes out of the dripper, the salt concentration in the soil surface area decreases slightly.

If you have to use water with an EC of more than 8,000 and bicarbonate of 8 Iranian Pistachio milliequivalents per liter, what measures should you consider? First, if the water is acidic, it should be put into the pool to aerate and the pH should be higher. This will deposit some salts and reduce the risk of fouling in the pipes and emitters. Secondly, all parts of the system from filters to drain pipes must be controlled for sediment during each irrigation period. It is better to use plastic or steel materials for filtration instead of metal filters. Also, sediment control is important to determine the criterion or time limit of water sedimentation, and this way the tendency of water to sediment can be detected after one irrigation. . At the end of the irrigation time, parts of the system such as pumps, filters, pipes and droppers can be filled with fresh water to prevent fouling in the system. This requires about 50 cubic meters of fresh water of suitable quality every day or irrigation shift. With the help of graffiti from a low-capacity (1 inch) desalination plant and desalination of 50 cubic meters of water per day and stored in a separate tank, after the end of irrigation entered the system, with this action of calcium carbonate deposition in the pipe and The dripper is prevented and as the water comes out of the dripper, the salt concentration in the soil surface area decreases slightly.